Me Yasa Kebul na Fiber Na Yau Da Kullum Ke Rushewa a cikin Ƙasan Baƙaƙe.

Duk da yake injiniyan sadarwa yakan ba da fifiko ga ƙarfin cibiyar sadarwa, bandwidth da asarar gani, rayuwar ƙarshe ta layin jiki ta dogara ne kan daidaiton ƙasa. Ga masu cibiyar sadarwa da ke gina abubuwan more rayuwa na shekaru da yawa, babban barazanar abin mamaki ba ƙarfi ba ne. Madadin haka, shi ne rashin ƙarfin inji na “Yankin Aiki”, wanda shine saman ƙasa wanda ke fuskantar matsanancin canjin yanayin damshi na yanayi.

Lokacin gina mahimman abubuwan more rayuwa na cibiyar sadarwa, kamar hanyoyin baya waɗanda kowane katsewa na iya yin tasiri sosai, yana da hikima a yi la’akari da ikon kebul na fiber optic don jure yanayin ƙasa.

A yawancin yankuna na duniya, ƙasa tana aiki a matsayin inji mai motsi, tana yin ƙarfi mai yawa waɗanda zasu iya wuce iyakokin jiki na kebul na fiber optic na yau da kullun. Don rage wannan haɗari, masu cibiyar sadarwa masu hikima suna komawa ga tsarin ƙarfi na musamman, kamar ƙirar ScaleFibre mai ƙarfi, don tabbatar da kariyar kadara.

Injiniyan Ƙasa na Ƙasashe “Masu Aiki”

Babban abokin gaba na inji ga abubuwan more rayuwa da aka binne shine nau’in ƙasa da aka sani da Vertosols, wanda aka fi sani da “ƙasashe baƙaƙe.” Ana bayyana su ta hanyar yawan ma’adinan yumbu masu faɗi waɗanda ke fuskantar gagarumin canjin girma yayin zagayen jiƙa da bushewa.

Me Ke Faruwa a cikin Ƙasa?

Halayen Vertosol yana farawa ne daga tsarinsa na ma’adinai, musamman kasancewar takamaiman ma’adinai. Waɗannan ma’adinan suna da tsarin lattice na 2:1—abin da ke nufin wani ƙaramin “sanwich” na kwayoyin halitta na sassa daban-daban na yumbu.

Haɗin kai tsakanin waɗannan sassan yana da rauni. Yayin da ruwa ke shiga, kwayoyin ruwa suna jawo cikin sararin samaniya (tsakanin sassan), suna raba sassan. A babban sikelin, wannan faɗaɗawar kwayoyin halitta yana sa girman ƙasa ya ƙaru, yana haifar da matsanancin matsin lamba. A gefe guda, a lokutan rani, asarar ruwa yana sa lattice ya rushe, yana haifar da raguwar ƙasa da samuwar manyan fashe-fashe ko “fashe-fashe na raguwa” waɗanda zasu iya kaiwa mita da yawa cikin ƙasan ƙasa.

Yankunan Duniya Masu Hadari

Waɗannan yankuna masu canjin yanayin ƙasa suna da mahimmanci kuma an rarraba su sosai. Ƙasashe masu motsi, masu faɗaɗawa suna haifar da ƙalubale a duk faɗin duniya. Babu shakka kun ga wannan a cikin gine-gine, inda ganuwar ke fashewa kuma tushe ke motsi saboda motsin ƙasa. Ƙasashe masu matsala suna faruwa a wurare da yawa, amma wasu takamaiman yankuna an san su sosai.

Arewacin Amurka

Wasu yankuna suna da ƙasashe masu motsi, ciki har da shahararren “Houston Black”, wanda ya fi yawa a yankin Texas, waɗannan ƙasashe an san su da babban Ma’aunin Faɗuwar Layi (COLE), galibi suna ɗaga tushe da yanke bututu da isasshen ƙarfi don karya manyan bututun amfani na gargajiya. Babban adadin lalacewa yana faruwa kowace shekara sakamakon ƙasashe masu faɗaɗawa na “Houston Black”.

Turai

A yankin Extremadura na Spain, a wani yanki da aka sani da Tierra de Barros, Pellic Vertosols suna fuskantar matsanancin raguwa. A Burtaniya, ƙasar yumbu ta Lias Group yankuna ne masu haɗari ga zaizayar ƙasa da gazawar abubuwan more rayuwa, galibi tare da hanyoyin sufuri da aka saba amfani da su. A gaskiya ma, a Burtaniya, ƙasashe masu faɗaɗawa sune haɗari na farko na yanayin ƙasa, kuma suna iya yanke kebul da sauran abubuwan more rayuwa, suna haifar da katsewar wutar lantarki, yoyo da fashewa.

Ostiraliya

Ya ƙunshi mafi yawan nau’o’in yumbu masu fashewa a duniya, Vertosols na Ostiraliya suna samar da manyan fashe-fashe a saman ƙasa waɗanda ke ba da damar ruwa ya shiga cikin ƙasan ƙasa cikin sauri, yana haifar da faɗuwar ruwa mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya raba kebul da aka binne sosai a kakar guda. Masu jigilar sadarwa a duk faɗin Ostiraliya suna fuskantar manyan ƙalubale daga waɗannan ƙasashe a yawancin yankuna na ƙasar kowace shekara. A wasu lokuta, ƙasashe baƙaƙe suna motsawa sosai har sukan haifar da manyan ramuka a cikin ƙasa.

Hanyoyin Rushewar Kebul na Fiber da Aka Binne

Motsin ƙasa yana kai hari ga kadara da aka binne ta hanyar matsaloli na inji daban-daban guda uku. Kebul na yau da kullun zai kai iyakarsa na juriya ta ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan kuma ya rushe.

1. Matsalar Tsaye (Ja)

Yayin da ƙasa ke bushewa, ƙasar da ke raguwa tana haifar da babban gogayya a kan murfin kebul, tana jawo shi daga bangarorin biyu. Yawancin fiber optic suna da matsakaicin juriyar matsa lamba na kusan 0.2% kafin asarar micro-bending ta raunana siginar ko macro-bending ya haifar da karyewar gilashi.

2. Fashewar Radial (Matsin Kumburi)

Sake shayarwa yana haifar da saurin ƙaruwar girma, wanda ke haifar da lodin fashewar radial. Wannan matsin lamba na iya wucewa ya haifar da manyan ƙarfi a kan murfin kebul, yana aiki kamar matsi na hydraulic. Kebul na yau da kullun tare da ƙananan murfin suna ba da ɗan juriya, yana ba da damar bututu masu kariya su lalace kuma su matsa fibers a kan bangon bututu, suna haifar da babban rauni.

3. Matsawar Axial (Rushewa)

Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci kuma rashin la’akari da yanayin gazawa a cikin mahalli masu faɗaɗawa. Lokacin da ƙasa ta faɗaɗa, galibi tana tura axially tare da kebul zuwa wurare masu tsayi. Yawancin kebul suna da iyakataccen membobin ƙarfi, waɗanda aka fi tsara su don jawo hankali yayin shigarwa. Wasu an ƙarfafa su da igiyoyin aramid (kamar Kevlar), waɗanda ke ba da ingantacciyar ƙarfin ja amma ba su da ƙarfin matsawa. Su igiyoyi ne kawai waɗanda ke yin lallausan ƙarƙashin matsin lamba.

Ƙarƙashin lodi na matsi na axial, kebul na yau da kullun suna rushewa kuma suna lankwasawa. Wannan yana tilasta fiber gilashin zuwa radius mai lankwasawa fiye da 30mm, yana haifar da babban asarar gani ko cikakkiyar gazawar jiki.

Maganin Injiniyanci

Amfani da kebul na “yau da kullun” a cikin ƙasashe baƙaƙe ko masu faɗaɗawa galibi yana haifar da matsaloli. Waɗannan kebul ɗin ba a tsara su don ɗaukar ƙarfin da ƙasashe baƙaƙe ke sanya musu ba, saboda haka suna rushewa cikin sauri ko da bayan matsakaicin motsi a cikin ƙasa. ScaleFibre ta tsara tarin kebul mai ƙarfi don samar da ƙarin ƙarfi wanda ke jurewa ƙarfin muhalli cikin sauƙi fiye da kebul na fiber optic na yau da kullun. Akwai manyan ƙira guda biyu - kebul na fiber optic mai ƙarfi mai rufi guda ɗaya ba tare da sulke ba (mai ƙarfin ja na 6kN), da kuma kebul na fiber optic mai ƙarfi mara ƙarfe (mai ƙarfin 20kN). Na farko yana samar da kusan sau uku na ƙarfin ja na bututun gargajiya, yayin da na biyu yana samar da kusan sau goma na ƙarfin ja (kuma ƙari na ƙara yawan ikon kebul na jure lalacewar beraye).

Mataki na 1: Mai Ƙarfi (6kN)

Mataki na 6kN mai ƙarfi yana samar da gagarumin haɓakawa sama da iyakar ƙarfin ja na masana’antu na 2kN, an ƙera shi musamman don ɗaukar nau’ikan shigarwa da nau’ikan muhalli. Wannan ƙirar kebul tana amfani da jaket na Polyethylene (PE) na musamman wanda aka haɗa da haɓakawa na musamman waɗanda ke ƙara ƙarfin injin sa sosai ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin yadudduka ba. Yayin da yake riƙe da tsarin da aka gyara, wannan ƙirar tana mai da hankali kan haɓaka ƙarfin ja na kebul da juriya ga fashewa, yana samar da babban dorewa a cikin tsarin jaket guda ɗaya. Wannan yana sa ya zama zaɓi mai inganci don waɗannan nau’ikan shigarwa mai girman nauyi inda kebul na yau da kullun bai isa ba.

Wannan kebul ba ya samar da sulke, don haka yana da juriyar beraye kamar yadda kebul na gargajiya marasa sulke.

Featured Solution

Kebul na Fiber na Waje Mai Ƙarfin Gaske Mai Tube

Babban ƙarfi, mai juriya mai tube don mahimman hanyoyin sadarwa, an ƙera shi don juriya inda motsin ƙasa ko yanayi mai tsanani ke barazana ga ci gaba da sabis.

Duba Cikakkun Bayanan Samfura

Mataki na 2: NMA Mai Ƙarfi (20kN)

Ƙirar kebul mai ƙarfi mara ƙarfe tana ɗaukar kariyar kebul har ma da gaba. Ya dace don mahimman kebul a cikin mahalli masu haɗari na ƙasa, wannan sigar tana amfani da sandunan FRP (Fibre Reinforced Plastic) masu ƙarfi. Wannan ya bambanta da nau’ikan sulke na gilashi na yau da kullun, kuma yana da ƙarin fa’idar samar da tsattsauran ra’ayi. Yana samar da kariya mai yawa daga beraye da sauran irin wannan lalacewa, saboda sandunan FRP sun fi kauri, sun fi ƙarfi kuma suna samar da ƙarin kariya fiye da “sulke” irin na igiya.

Waɗannan sandunan ƙarfe suna samar da Juriya ga Matsawar Axial (ACR). Suna aiki a matsayin katako waɗanda ke riƙe da daidaiton layin kebul, suna hana lalacewa daga matsawa da rushewa waɗanda ke raunana kebul na yau da kullun.

Featured Solution

Ƙarfin Ƙarfi Mai Ƙarfafa Tube Waje Fiber Cable

Bututu mai sulke mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don hanyoyin sadarwa masu mahimmanci don amfani inda motsin ƙasa ko yanayi mai tsauri ke barazana ga ci gaban sabis.

Duba Cikakkun Bayanan Samfura

Fa’idar Dielectric

Sabanin zaɓuɓɓukan kebul masu sulke na ƙarfe, waɗanda galibi ba sa ƙara isasshen ƙarfi ga aikace-aikacen ƙasa baƙaƙe, ƙirar dielectric gabaɗaya (ba tare da ƙarfe ba) na kebul na ScaleFibre mai ƙarfi yana samar da mahimman fa’idodin aiki don manyan hanyoyin sadarwa:

Juriya ga Electromagnetic

Hanyoyin dogon zango galibi suna tafiya daidai da layukan wutar lantarki masu ƙarfi. Kebul na Dielectric ba sa gudanar da wutar lantarki, suna kare cibiyar sadarwa daga igiyoyin da aka haifar da bugun walƙiya waɗanda zasu iya narkar da madadin ƙarfe mai sulke.

Ingancin Aiki

Sabanin sulke na ƙarfe, dielectric ba sa buƙatar haɗawa ko ɗaura a wuraren shiga, yana rage aikin filin da kuma Lissafin Kayan Aiki (BoM) sosai. A yawancin yankuna kuma suna iya raba bututun lantarki ko bututun da ke akwai, inda aka haramta kebul na ƙarfe.

Daidaiton Kemikal

Sandunan FRP ba sa amsa ga kemikal kuma ba sa tsatsa. Wannan yana faruwa a kebul na ƙarfe a cikin ƙasashe masu damshi, masu acidic, wanda zai yi tasiri mara kyau ga rayuwar tsarin kebul. Ba wai kawai tsatsa tana rage juriyar beraye na sulke na ƙarfe ba, har ma tana rage ƙarfin kebul.

Kammalawa

Gina ginshiƙin dijital mai ɗorewa ta hanyar ƙasa mai aiki yana buƙatar falsafar injiniyanci da ke la’akari da tasirin ƙasa. Dogaro da kebul na yau da kullun marasa sulke ko masu sulke na igiya a cikin waɗannan mahalli yana haifar da zagayen gyarawa da gazawa a ƙarshe. Tsarin sandar ƙarfe na ScaleFibre yana wakiltar bambanci tsakanin nauyin kulawa mai yawa da kuma kadara mai dorewa.