# Kayan Aiki na NVIDIA GB200 NVL72 da MPO-8 APC Cabling don Raka'o'i Masu Faɗawa

DGX GB200 Scalable Unit (SU) yana wakiltar babban canji a cikin tsarin cibiyar bayanai. SU wani yanki ne na 576-GPU wanda aka haɗa da igiyoyin fiber masu aiki 9,216. ScaleFibre yana ba da igiyoyin da aka ƙare daidai waɗanda ake buƙata don sarrafa wannan yawa.


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## The 4 Physical SuperPOD Fabrics
NVIDIA ta raba SU zuwa sassa na zahiri daban-daban don ware zirga-zirgar GPU.

### MN-NVL (NVLink 5) [Scale-Up]

* Cibiyar sadarwa ta 'cikin gida' ta haɗa GPUs 72 a 1.8 TB/s.
**Features:**
  - Babu Fiber Optical
  - Passive Copper Backplane
  - Masu haɗa Blind-mate

### Compute InfiniBand [Scale-Out]

* Babban rukunin 'Gabas-Yamma' don manyan horo na multi-node.
**Features:**
  - Igiyoyin fiber masu aiki 4,608 a kowane SU
  - Rail-optimized topology
  - Quantum-3/Quantum-2

### Ajiya & In-Band [Frontend]

* Rukunin tushen Ethernet don shigar da bayanai masu sauri da samarwa.
**Features:**
  - Factor na Katangewa 5:3
  - BlueField-3 DPU offload
  - Goyan bayan VXLAN/RoCE

### OOB Management [Control Plane]

* Cibiyar sadarwa ta ware don telemetry na hardware, BMC, da sarrafa PDU.
**Features:**
  - RJ45/Cat6 Copper
  - Matakin SN2201 Switch
  - Tsaron air-gap na zahiri


## Ma'aunin Exascale SU
Ƙungiya mai racks 8 Scalable Unit tana wakiltar tushen ginshiƙin masana'antar NVIDIA AI.

| Metric | Value |
| :--- | :--- |
| Igiyoyin Fiber Masu Aiki a kowane SU | **9,216** |
| Igiyoyin Compute-Only | **4,608** |
| Adadin Katangewar Ajiya | **5:3** |
| Saurin Tashar Tashar Asali | **400G/800G** |
## Matakai Uku na Haɗin SU
1. **Mataki na A: Server-zuwa-Leaf**: Igiyoyin fiber 1,152 a kowane rack ta amfani da manyan igiyoyin fiber ko jumpers don haɗa nodes na NVL72 zuwa Leaf Switches.
2. **Mataki na B: Leaf-zuwa-Spine**: Haɗa zirga-zirgar da ke daidaita layin dogo a cikin SU ta amfani da hanyoyin haɗi marasa katange 1:1 don sarrafa bayanai.
3. **Mataki na C: Spine-zuwa-Core**: Sakamakon wuce SU zuwa yankin Core na tsakiya ta amfani da manyan igiyoyi.

## Comparison: Gyaran Gargajiya (Point-to-Point) vs. Modular High Fibre Count Trunking

### Gyaran Gargajiya (Point-to-Point)
* Rikitarwa ta Hannu: Yana buƙatar igiyoyin gyara guda 9,216 a kowane toshe mai racks 8.
* Tarkatar Tsarin Iska: Manyan igiyoyin kebul suna toshe hanyoyin fitar da ruwa-sanyaya.
* Matsayin Hadari: Babban yuwuwar 'layukan giciye' yayin gyaran 1:1 na hannu.
* Lokacin Aiki: Fiye da sa'o'i 115 don jagorar hannu da lakabi a kowane SU.

### Modular High Fibre Count Trunking
* Plug-and-Play: Yana haɗa dubban fiber cikin fitattun igiyoyin 128F/144F/256F/288F/576F da aka ƙera.
* Ingantaccen Zafin Jiki: Ƙananan kebul masu diamita suna ƙara yawan iska a cikin racks masu yawa.
* Ingancin Hanyar: Yana haɗa igiyoyin fiber masu aiki 1,152 a kowane rack cikin manyan hanyoyin MPO.
* Yanayin Shigarwa: Saurin shigarwa ta hanyar taron masana'anta da aka gwada.

## Expert Insight
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## Technical FAQ
**Q: Ta yaya adadin SU ke zama mai sarrafawa a igiyoyin fiber 9,216?**
A: Ta hanyar amfani da matakan kebul. [Manyan igiyoyin fiber](/products/optical-cable-assemblies/mpo-trunks/high-fibre-count-mpo-trunks/) suna maye gurbin dubban igiyoyin gyaran MPO guda ɗaya, suna rage girman jiki da hana toshewar sanyaya.

**Q: Menene '5:3 Blocking Factor' a cikin rukunin ajiya?**
A: Sabanin rukunin sarrafa bayanai marar katange (1:1), an yi niyya don rukunin ajiya ya zama sama da kima. Wannan yana rage farashin fiber da rikitarwa yayin da yake biyan buƙatar 40GB/s a kowane node don ajiya. Sau da yawa ana amfani da [kebul ɗin gyaran MPO masu jituwa da NVIDIA](/products/optical-cable-assemblies/mpo-trunks/nvidia-compatible-mpo-patch-cable-apc/) don shigarwa.

**Q: Me yasa rukunin NVLink na ciki ba shi da fiber?**
A: NVIDIA tana amfani da passive copper backplane da kwandon kebul a cikin rack na NVL72. Wannan yana kawar da dubban masu karɓar optical da fiber, yana rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki da jinkiri. An ajiye optical fiber don [rukunin sarrafa bayanai na waje](/products/optical-cable-assemblies/mpo-trunks/nvidia-compatible-mpo-splitter-ndr/).

**Q: Me zai faru idan muka faɗaɗa zuwa Scalable Units 16?**
A: A ma'aunin SU 16 (GPUs 9,216), jimlar adadin fiber mai aiki don rukunin sarrafa bayanai kadai ya kai igiyoyi 18,432. Gudanar da wannan yawa yana buƙatar [manyan gidajen da ke da yawa](/products/housings/high-fibre-count-housings/highstack-fixed-housings-for-high-count-optical-fibre/) waɗanda aka tsara musamman don manyan fiber optical da tsarin sauya Core group na tsakiya.

**Q: Me yasa ake amfani da MPO-8 maimakon MPO-12 na yau da kullun?**
A: Masu karɓar 400G NDR da 800G XDR na zamani suna amfani da optical masu kama da layin 4 ko layin 8. Daidaitawar MPO mai fiber 8 tana dacewa da saitin 4x Tx da 4x Rx daidai. Amfani da [manyan igiyoyin MPO masu aiki na fiber 8](/products/optical-cable-assemblies/mpo-trunks/small-fibre-count-mpo-trunks/) yana kawar da fiber 'duhu' ko bata a cikin rukunin cluster.

**Q: Menene mahimmancin goge APC (Angled Physical Contact)?**
A: Siginar 100G-PAM4 mai sauri tana da matuƙar hankali ga tunani-baya. Kusurwar digiri 8 na [mai haɗa APC](/products/optical-cable-assemblies/mpo-trunks/nvidia-compatible-mpo-patch-cable-apc/) yana tabbatar da cewa an sha hasken da aka nuna a cikin fiber cladding, yana kiyaye Babban Optical Return Loss (ORL) da ake buƙata don horon AI mara kuskure.

**Q: Ta yaya yawan fiber ke shafar dakunan AI masu sanyin ruwa?**
A: Ko da da tire masu sanyin ruwa, har yanzu dole ne iska ta zagaya don sarrafa zafi na biyu. Amfani da [kebul na SmartRibbon](/products/fibre-optic-cables/indoor-cables/smartribbon-flame-retardant-optical-fibre-cables/) mai yawa yana rage diamita na kebul sosai, yana tabbatar da cewa kebul ɗin jiki baya toshe iska ko na'urorin sanyaya ruwa.

**Q: Menene iyakokin nisa don kebul na matakin SU?**
A: Multimode (OM4/OM5) an iyakance shi zuwa mita 50 don 400G/800G. Don hanyoyin haɗin Spine-to-Core na tsakiya waɗanda suka wuce wannan, [fiber Single-mode G.657.A1](/products/fibre-optic-cables/indoor-cables/slimcore-indoor-optical-cables/slimcore-144-fibre-indoor-fibre-optic-cable/) wajibi ne don tallafawa isar da nesa ba tare da lalacewar sigina ba.

**Q: Zan iya amfani da daidaitattun kebul na waje don cibiyoyin bayanai na AI?**
A: A'a. Dakunan AI na cikin gida suna buƙatar [LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen)](/products/fibre-optic-cables/indoor-cables/slimcore-indoor-optical-cables/), Riser ko Plenum don biyan buƙatun ka'idojin tsaro na wuta dangane da ka'idojin gida. Don hanyoyin da ke da yawa, kebul na [SlimCORE na musamman na cikin gida](/products/fibre-optic-cables/indoor-cables/slimcore-indoor-optical-cables/slimcore-288-fibre-indoor-fibre-optic-cable/) suna samar da adadin igiyoyin da ake buƙata a cikin rage diamita.

**Q: Menene fa'idar pigtails da aka ƙare a masana'anta a cikin SU?**
A: [MPO cord optical fibre pigtails](https://americas.scalefibre.com/en/products/optical-cable-assemblies/optical-fibre-pigtails/mpo-cord-optical-fibre-pigtails/) suna ba da damar saurin haɗawa da fusion a matakin Spine ko Core. Wannan ƙarewar da masana'anta ke sarrafawa a ƙarshe ɗaya yana ba da fa'idodin pre-termination, yayin da ƙarshen 'blunt' yana ba da damar sassauci don dacewa da tsayin da ake buƙata a wurin.


## References